Jökull Journal
Journal of the Iceland Glaciological and Geological Societies
Jökull publishes research papers, notes and review articles concerning all aspects of the Earth Sciences. The journal is primarily aimed at being an international forum for geoscience research in Iceland.
Guðmundsson, Snævarr; Björnsson, Helgi; Evans, David J. A.; Pálsson, Finnur
Nunataks and medial moraines of Breiðamerkurjökull, southeast Iceland Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 74, pp. 1–46, 2024.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-74-p1-46,
title = {Nunataks and medial moraines of Breiðamerkurjökull, southeast Iceland},
author = {Snævarr Guðmundsson and Helgi Björnsson and David J. A. Evans and Finnur Pálsson},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2024.74.001},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {74},
pages = {1–46},
abstract = {Nine nunataks have been exposed during the post-Little Ice Age recession of Breiðamerkurjökull, an outlet glacier of the Vatnajökull ice cap in Southeast Iceland. The outlet is fed by three branches that originate from the central ice cap. We analyse from digital elevation models (spanning 131 years, with the Equilibrium-Line Altitude (ELA) rising from 1000 m to 1200 m) the changes in the surface elevation and the development of the medial moraines originating from the nunataks. Elevation changes surrounding the nunataks in the central ablation zone show that ice flow compensated for about half of the lowering due to negative mass balance (up to 40 m from 2000 to 2022). During the 20th century, the internal driving stresses of the large ice branches (flow units) caused lateral displacement of medial moraines (up to 500 m), but as the glacier receded in the early 21st century, the subglacial topography started to dictate the migration patterns of the medial moraines. The Breiðamerkurjökull medial moraines are of the Eyles and Rogerson (1978) ISI and AD1 and AD3 types, whose historical lateral migration in some areas will disrupt their eventual accumulation as unbroken linear features on the deglaciated foreland, giving rise instead to gently inclined or folded englacial debris banding and ultimately the production of a supraglacial veneer.},
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Larsen, Guðrún; Eiríksson, Jón; Guðmundsdóttir, Esther R.; Knudsen, Óskar
Timing of two paleo-positions of the Iceland Ice Sheet margin in Northeast Iceland, at 10.9 and 10.3 ka, indicated by tephrochronology Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 74, pp. 47–70, 2024.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-74-p47-70,
title = {Timing of two paleo-positions of the Iceland Ice Sheet margin in Northeast Iceland, at 10.9 and 10.3 ka, indicated by tephrochronology},
author = {Guðrún Larsen and Jón Eiríksson and Esther R. Guðmundsdóttir and Óskar Knudsen},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2024.74.047},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {74},
pages = {47–70},
abstract = {The Preboreal ice-sheet in Northeast Iceland received major tephra falls during its southwards retreat. Such air fall events can affect melting of the ice sheet and cause temporary standstills or even advances if tephra thickness on ablation areas exceeds a critical limit. Tephra deposits on ablation areas may then be removed by subsequent seasonal meltwater run-off and accumulate as recognizable deposits at the former glacier margins, defining the position of the margin at a particular time. A major tephra fall of greyish-white silicic tephra with the chemical characteristics of the 10.9 ka Askja-S tephra was deposited over the ice sheet as it retreated from the northeastern lowlands (Þistilfjörður-Vopnafjörður) towards the Fjallgarðar highlands. Substantial quantities of tephra were washed off the glacier snout and ablation area onto lateral terraces at Svartfell and Langadalsá where the tephra accumulated as thick, ash-rich deposits. A fines depleted tephra containing rounded grains also forms a layer within proglacial sediments deposited in front of the presumed glacier margin. These deposits lie inside a previously recognized standstill/advance known as Bruni or Melur stage. Another major tephra fall of black tephra with chemical characteristics corresponding to those of the 10.3 ka Saksunarvatn (Grímsvötn volcano) tephra may have affected the ice sheet at the time of the eruption, causing a standstill/advance near Arnardalsá shortly after those recognized as Ánavatn and Þverá/Fiskidalur
stages. A distance of about 40 km separates the two dated locations. Given the uncertainties concerning the age of the two tephra layers, an average retreat rate of the inland ice of some 60±10 m/year seems realistic. Using this rate of retreat the Ánavatn stage can be dated to 10.5 ka, the Þverá/Fiskidalur to 10.4 ka and the inland ice would have retreated behind the present edge of northern Vatnajökull at 9.5–9.6 ka. The dating of these paleoice-margins calls upon some revision of the areal extent of the Preboreal ice sheet in Northeast Iceland and implies that a corridor may have formed at Langidalur around 10.9 ka splitting the ice sheet into an isolated northern dome, separated from a southern ice-margin retreating with several advances/standstills towards south.},
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stages. A distance of about 40 km separates the two dated locations. Given the uncertainties concerning the age of the two tephra layers, an average retreat rate of the inland ice of some 60±10 m/year seems realistic. Using this rate of retreat the Ánavatn stage can be dated to 10.5 ka, the Þverá/Fiskidalur to 10.4 ka and the inland ice would have retreated behind the present edge of northern Vatnajökull at 9.5–9.6 ka. The dating of these paleoice-margins calls upon some revision of the areal extent of the Preboreal ice sheet in Northeast Iceland and implies that a corridor may have formed at Langidalur around 10.9 ka splitting the ice sheet into an isolated northern dome, separated from a southern ice-margin retreating with several advances/standstills towards south.
Björnsson, Helgi
The scientific history of climate change 1820–2020 Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 74, pp. 71–86, 2024.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-74-p71-86,
title = {The scientific history of climate change 1820–2020},
author = {Helgi Björnsson},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2024.74.71o},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {74},
pages = {71–86},
abstract = {Glaciologists and meteorologists described shrinkage of glaciers in the northern hemisphere in the early 20th century. Warm southerly currents in the atmosphere and in the ocean caused the decrease. Scientists did not advance theories about the causes of the changes but discussed fluctuations of solar radiation and changes in trade winds. They encouraged colleagues to expand monitoring of glaciers which might lead to improved understanding and thanks to the interest of physicists, knowledge advanced of the natural causes of the glacier variations. ...},
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pubstate = {published},
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Gunnarsson, Andri; Pálsson, Finnur; Þorsteinsson, Þorsteinn; Brynjólfsson, Skafti
Afkoma íslenskra jökla (Mass balance measurements) 2023–2024 Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 74, pp. 99–108, 2024.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-74-p99-108,
title = {Afkoma íslenskra jökla (Mass balance measurements) 2023–2024},
author = {Andri Gunnarsson and Finnur Pálsson and Þorsteinn Þorsteinsson and Skafti Brynjólfsson},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2024.74.099o},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {74},
pages = {99–108},
abstract = {Almennt má segja að jökulárið spanni frá 1. október til 30. september næsta ár, enda eru þá fyrstu snjóar yfirleitt fallnir á jökla landsins. Afkoma er mismunur snjósöfnunar að vetri og leysingar að sumri. Vetrarafkoma í afkomumælistöðvum er metin með mælingu rúmmáls og massa borkjarna gegnum vetrarsnjóinn, en sumarafkoma út frá mælingu á lengd stiku eða vírs sem komið er fyrir í borholu að vori og endurmæld að hausti. Jökulárið 2023–2024 var afkoma mæld á um 130 stöðum á jöklum landsins. Mælt var í 66 punktum á Vatnajökli (frá 1992), 20 punktum á Hofsjökli (frá 1988), 25 punktum á Langjökli (frá 1997), fjórum á Mýrdalsjökli (frá 2001) og 15 á Tröllaskaga. Hér er gerð grein fyrir helstu niðurstöðum ársins, en við greininguna er stuðst við gögn úr afkomumælingum Jarðvísindastofnunar Háskólans, Veðurstofu Íslands, Landsvirkjunar og Náttúrufræðistofnunar. Auk þess er notast við veðurmælingar, bæði á landi og jökli. Reiknuð veðurgögn eru fengin úr C3S Arctic Regional Reanalysis (CARRA) endurgreiningu loftslagsþjónustu Kópernikusaráætlunarinnar og ERA5 endurgreiningunni. Afkomugögn eru m.a. aðgengileg á vefsíðunni https://islenskirjoklar.is. Þar má einnig finna lýsingar á aðferðum og hugtökum, sem beitt er við mælingar og útreikninga á jökulafkomu.},
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pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Sæmundsson), Kristján
Hrollir hugur við polli Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 74, pp. 109–110, 2024.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-74-p109-110,
title = {Hrollir hugur við polli},
author = {Kristján Sæmundsson)},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2024.74.109o},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {74},
pages = {109–110},
abstract = {Mývatnseldar hófust 1724 með sprengigosi úr Víti við Kröflu. Hér segir frá fjórum leiðöngrum að gosstöðvunum á 18. og 19. öld. Lýsingar leiðangursmanna beindust að hverabollunum austan við Víti, nema sú síðasta. ...},
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tppubtype = {article}
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Arason, Haraldur Auðunsson Þórður
Shaul Levi, framlag til jarðvísinda á Íslandi Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 74, pp. 111–113, 2024.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-74-p111-113,
title = {Shaul Levi, framlag til jarðvísinda á Íslandi},
author = {Haraldur Auðunsson Þórður Arason},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2024.74.111o},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {74},
pages = {111–113},
abstract = {Shaul Levi er mörgum Íslendingum að góðu kunnur, sem merkur jarðvísindamaður, samstarfsmaður og sem einstakur mannvinur. ...},
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pubstate = {published},
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Einarsson, Páll
Halldór Ólafsson (1937–2023), minningarorð (in memoriam) Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 74, pp. 115–120, 2024.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-74-p115-120,
title = {Halldór Ólafsson (1937–2023), minningarorð (in memoriam)},
author = {Páll Einarsson},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2024.74.115o},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {74},
pages = {115–120},
abstract = {Halldór Ólafsson, heiðursfélagi í Jöklarannsóknafélaginu, lést 20. september 2023 eftir langa ævi sem tengdist sögu jöklarannsókna og raunar jarðvísindarannsókna á Íslandi á margan hátt. Hann var rennismiður að mennt, lauk námi frá Iðnskólanum í Reykjavík 1959. Starfaði síðan hjá Olíuverslun Íslands, bæði á verkstæði og við að setja upp olíudælur og leggja olíuleiðslur vítt og breitt um landið. Það var gæfa eldfjallarannsókna þegar hann var ráðinn sem tæknimaður á hinni nýstofnuðu Norrænu eldfjallastöð 1973. ...},
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pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Ólafsson, Halldór
Geimfarar á Íslandi Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 74, pp. 121–122, 2024.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-74-p121-122,
title = {Geimfarar á Íslandi},
author = {Halldór Ólafsson},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2024.74.121o},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {74},
pages = {121–122},
abstract = {Sumarið 1967 komu til landsins 25 geimfarar og var það þáttur í þjálfun þeirra þar sem talið var að landslag á öræfum Íslands væri svipað og á tunglinu. Var meiningin að í ferðinni yrði skerpt á jarðfræðikunnáttu geimfaranna og voru þeim því fengnir til fylgdar og fræðslu tveir af okkar fremstu vísindamönnum á þeim tíma, Sigurður Þórarinsson og Guðmundur E. Sigvaldason. Svæðið sem geimförunum var ætlað að kanna var Askja og umhverfi hennar og var aðsetur þeirra í Þorsteinsskála í Herðubreiðarlindum á meðan þeir dvöldu á þeim slóðum. ...},
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pubstate = {published},
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Ben-Yehoshua, Daniel; Sæmundsson, Þorsteinn; Erlingsson, Sigurður; Helgason, Jón Kristinn; Hermanns, Reginald L.; Magnússon, Eyjólfur; Ófeigsson, Benedikt G.; Belart, Joaquín M. C.; Hjartardóttir, Ásta Rut; Geirsson, Halldór; Guðmundsson, Snævarr; Hannesdóttir, Hrafnhildur; Pálsson, Finnur; Drouin, Vincent; Bergsson, Bergur H.
The destabilization of a large mountain slope controlled by thinning of Svínafellsjökull glacier, SE Iceland Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 73, pp. 1–33, 2023.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-73-p1-33,
title = {The destabilization of a large mountain slope controlled by thinning of Svínafellsjökull glacier, SE Iceland},
author = {Daniel Ben-Yehoshua and Þorsteinn Sæmundsson and Sigurður Erlingsson and Jón Kristinn Helgason and Reginald L. Hermanns and Eyjólfur Magnússon and Benedikt G. Ófeigsson and Joaquín M. C. Belart and Ásta Rut Hjartardóttir and Halldór Geirsson and Snævarr Guðmundsson and Hrafnhildur Hannesdóttir and Finnur Pálsson and Vincent Drouin and Bergur H. Bergsson},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2023.73.001},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {73},
pages = {1–33},
abstract = {Since the end of the 19th century Iceland’s glaciers have experienced significant ice-mass loss. Thinning glaciers expose oversteepened rock walls which may adjust in the form of paraglacial rock slope failures. Here we highlight a cluster of gravitational mass movements around the margin of the Svínafellsjökull outlet glacier in Southeast Iceland. The largest slope instability is located in an area called Svarthamrar on the northern slope of Mt. Svínafellsfjall and is evidenced by a 2-km long fracture system that affects an area of about 0.9 km³ and a minimum rock volume in the range of 50−150 10^6 m³ . The Svarthamrar slope instability is characterized by about 200 sinkholes where the soil cover collapsed into underlying bedrock fractures. Remote sensing data and field mapping indicate that the onset of this deformation occurred between 2003 and 2007, during the period of the most rapid glacier thinning within the 131-year record. Since 2011 the glacier surface has not thinned significantly, in part due to a large debris avalanche in 2013 forming a sheet of debris on the glacier. The debris protects the glacier against ablation and adds about 12 10^6 t of load onto the subglacial slope. The slope showed signs of deformation until 2017. No significant movement has been detected since the installation of a monitoring network in 2018 and 2019 suggesting that the slope has temporarily regained equilibrium. However, with future glacial thinning the slope is likely to continue destabilizing. Large rockslide scars in the valley flanks above the glacier and bulky end moraine deposits composed of angular boulder material suggest previous rock slope failures in the catchment. Current rock surface temperatures on site, and back-calculated temperatures suggest that it is unlikely that permafrost occurs on the site or has played a role in the evolution of the Svarthamrar slope instability. This study expands the understanding of the driving forces of unstable paraglacial slopes and emphasizes that climate change driven glacier thinning has and likely will have further destabilizing effects on this slope and other paraglacial slopes in Iceland and elsewhere.},
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Bernat, Maud; Belart, Joaquín M. C.; Berthier, Etienne; Jóhannesson, Tómas; Hugonnet, Romain; Dehecq, Amaury; Magnússon, Eyjólfur; Gunnarsson, Andri
Geodetic mass balance of Mýrdalsjökull ice cap, 1999–2021 Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 73, pp. 35–53, 2023.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-73-p35-53,
title = {Geodetic mass balance of Mýrdalsjökull ice cap, 1999–2021},
author = {Maud Bernat and Joaquín M. C. Belart and Etienne Berthier and Tómas Jóhannesson and Romain Hugonnet and Amaury Dehecq and Eyjólfur Magnússon and Andri Gunnarsson},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2023.73.035},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {73},
pages = {35–53},
abstract = {The mass balance of Mýrdalsjökull, the fourth largest Icelandic ice cap (520 km² in 2019), has received less attention so far than the mass balance of the three largest ice caps, Vatnajökull, Hofsjökull and Langjökull. Here, we used digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from the untapped SPOT5 archive (2003−2014), lidar data (2010), Pléiades imagery (2014−2021), aerial photographs from 1999 and the ArcticDEM dataset (2010−2018) to estimate the mass balance of Mýrdalsjökull. A pre-processing of the DEMs was first performed: co-registration, filtering and void interpolation. Then, applying a Gaussian Process (GP) regression, a spatially and temporally continuous elevation dataset was created, in 15×15 m resolution and 30-day increments over the time span 1999 to 2021. Volume and mass changes based on the GP-interpolated elevation dataset were computed and analysed in 5- to 6-year intervals between 1999 and 2021. An average mass balance of −1.23 ± 0.10 m w.e. a^−1 was estimated for this time period, with a trend towards a less negative mass balance from −1.83±0.13 m w.e. a^−1 (1999−2005) to −0.41±0.03 m w.e. a^−1 (2016−2021). Ananalysis of three climatically different catchments of Mýrdalsjökull showed a significant spatial variability in the estimated mass balance but a similar temporal variation.},
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Einarsson, Páll; Pálsson, Finnur; Pálsson, Magnús; Magnússon, Eyjólfur; Brandsdóttir, Bryndís; Winder, Tom
Sources of continuous tremor associated with jökulhlaups and eruptions of Grímsvötn volcano, Iceland Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 73, pp. 55–74, 2023.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-73-p55-74,
title = {Sources of continuous tremor associated with jökulhlaups and eruptions of Grímsvötn volcano, Iceland},
author = {Páll Einarsson and Finnur Pálsson and Magnús Pálsson and Eyjólfur Magnússon and Bryndís Brandsdóttir and Tom Winder},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2023.73.055},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {73},
pages = {55–74},
abstract = {The Grímsvötn volcano, one of the most active volcanoes in Iceland, is covered to a large extent by the Vatnajökull glacier. High geothermal activity within its caldera maintains an ice-covered caldera lake with variable water level. Large floods from the lake (jökulhlaups) are initiated when the water breaks through an ice dam and flows out of the caldera. In several cases the falling lake level is known to have triggered eruptions of the volcano, e.g, in 1922, 1934, and 2004. The eruptions of 1983, 1998, and 2011, however, were not triggered by jökulhlaups, and most jökulhlaups have not triggered eruptions, including those of 2008 and 2010. All these processes, i.e. volcanic activity, water floods, and geothermal activity, are accompanied by seismic tremor that is detectable by the surrounding network of seismic stations. By comparing tremorplots of the jökulhlaups of 2008 and 2010, and the eruptions of 2004 and 2011, we can identify three types of tremor: Water flood tremor. Jökulhlaups from the caldera are always accompanied by high-frequency tremor (2–9 Hz), recorded on the seismic stations near the caldera. It starts when the lake level begins to drop and increases gradually with increasing water discharge from the lake. This tremor is usually detected a few days before the subglacial flood reaches the glacier edge. Geothermal tremor. The second type of tremor appears to be switched on when the drop in water level reaches 10–30 m. It remains after all water has been drained from the lake. The tremor is characterized by relatively high frequency (2–6 Hz) and sudden changes in amplitude. The distance range of this tremor is short, it is seldom recorded beyond the edge of the glacier. We suggest that it is generated by flash-boiling of the geothermal system within the caldera, triggered by the pressure drop of the lake level. Eruption tremor. Eruptions of Grímsvötn are accompanied by tremor that begins simultaneously with the eruption and is distinctly different from the other two types of tremor. It contains lower frequencies (0.5–4 Hz) and has a wider distance range. It is recorded beyond the edge of the glacier, possibly because of its frequency content, but other effects such as crustal structure and depth of the tremor sources may also play a part.},
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Gunnarsson, Andri; Pálsson, Finnur; Þorsteinsson, Þorsteinn
Afkoma íslenskra jökla (Mass balance measurements) 2022–2023 Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 73, pp. 93–97, 2023.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-73-p93-97,
title = {Afkoma íslenskra jökla (Mass balance measurements) 2022–2023},
author = {Andri Gunnarsson and Finnur Pálsson and Þorsteinn Þorsteinsson},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2023.73.093o},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {73},
pages = {93–97},
abstract = {Jökulárið 2022–2023 var afkoma mæld á um 120 stöðum á stærri jöklum landsins. Mælt var í 68 punktum á Vatnajökli (frá 1992), 20 punktum á Hofsjökli (frá 1988), 25 punktum á Langjökli (frá 1997) og tveimur á Mýrdalsjökli (frá 2001). Árið 2022 var afkoma mæld í nokkrum punktum á Tindfjallajökli, Torfajökli og Eyjafjallajökli en aðstæður til mælinga reyndust ekki hagstæðar vorið 2023. Stefnt er að því að viðhalda þeim mælingum eftir aðstæðum hverju sinni. Vetrarafkoma í hverjum punkti er metin með mælingu rúmmáls og massa kjarna í gegnum vetrarsnjóinn, en sumarafkoma út frá aflestri á lengd stiku eða vírs sem komið er fyrir í borholu að vori. Um þessar mundir má líta svo á að nýtt jökulár hefjist um 1. október, enda eru þá fyrstu snjóar yfirleitt fallnir á jökla landsins. Oftast er nú farið til haustmælinga á leysingu um það leyti. Snjósöfnun vetrarins er mæld í vorleiðöngrum nærri mánaðamótum apríl/maí. Hér er gerð grein fyrir helstu niðurstöðum ársins, en afkomugögn eru aðgengileg á vefsíðunni https://islenskirjoklar.is. Þar má einnig finna lýsingar á aðferðum og hugtökum, sem beitt er við afkomumælingar.},
keywords = {}, % url = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Hannesdóttir, Hrafnhildur
EISI ljósmyndaverkefnið (the EISI project) Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 73, pp. 99–100, 2023.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-73-p99-100,
title = {EISI ljósmyndaverkefnið (the EISI project)},
author = {Hrafnhildur Hannesdóttir},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2023.73.099o},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {73},
pages = {99–100},
abstract = {Á síðasta ári hófst samstarf Jöklarannsóknafélags Íslands um myndræna jöklavöktun við James Balog, bandarískan ljósmyndara, sem rak verkefnið Extreme Ice Survey (EIS, http://extremeicesurvey.org/abouteis/) til margra ára út um allan heim. Hér á landi setti hann upp myndavélar við Sólheimajökul og Svínafellsjökul, og voru þær reknar í rúman áratug en teknar niður vorið 2022. Á árinu 2023 hefur verið unnið því að velja ákveðna staði og sjónarhorn til þess að halda áfram að skrásetja breytingar á jöklum með þátttöku almennings og vísindafólks, m.a. þar sem EIS myndavélarnar voru staðsettar. Úr varð framhaldsverkefnið Extreme Ice Survey Iceland (EISI). Markmið verkefnisins er að safna ljósmyndum í aðgengilegan gagnabanka um breytingar á íslenskum jöklum næstu 100 árin og miðla þeim upplýsingum til almennings. Hugmyndafræðin er að gögn verkefnisins skapi sjónræna arfleifð til framtíðar og eru viðbót við hefðbundnar sporðamælingar félagsins. ...},
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Björnsson, Helgi
Jöklarannsóknir Hans Ahlmann og samstarfsmanna á öndverðri 20. öld (19th century glacier research by Hans Ahlmann and coworkers) Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 73, pp. 101–116, 2023.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-73-p101-116,
title = {Jöklarannsóknir Hans Ahlmann og samstarfsmanna á öndverðri 20. öld (19th century glacier research by Hans Ahlmann and coworkers)},
author = {Helgi Björnsson},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2023.73.101o},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {73},
pages = {101–116},
abstract = {Jöklar vitna um veðurfarssveiflur. Snemma á 19. öld bentu rannsóknir í grennd við jökla til, að ísaldir hefðu ríkt á norðurhvel jarðar. Náttúrufræðingar sáu, að jöklar höfðu legið yfir Norður-Evrópu, rofið land, borið fram aur, ýtt upp jökulgörðum og skilið eftir sig grettistök. Í jarðlögum fundust leifar af dýrum og gróðri, sem lifað hafði við kaldara loftslag en nú er á þessum slóðum. Spor eftir ísbreiður voru rakin um Norður-Evrópu til Bretlandseyja. Ísaldarjarðfræði varð til í Alpafjallalöndum og Skandinavíu (sjá umfjöllun um framlag Svisslendinganna Jean de Charpentier (1786–1855), Ignatz Venetz-Sitten (1788–1859) og Louis Agassiz (1807–1873) í bókinni Jöklar á Íslandi (Björnsson, 2009)). ...},
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Sæmundsson), Kristján
Gosbelti (Volcanic zones Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 73, pp. 117–118, 2023.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-73-p117-118,
title = {Gosbelti (Volcanic zones},
author = {Kristján Sæmundsson)},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2023.73.117o},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {73},
pages = {117–118},
abstract = {Í plötustrúktúr ysta hluta jarðar greinast þrenns konar gosbelti: Ráðandi eru í því munstri plötuskil og plötumót. Þriðja gerðin er innplötu-gosbelti, „intraplate“ á útlensku. Því orði kynntist ég fyrst höfðu um gosbelti meðal franskra kollega í Auvergne fyrir 20–30 árum og í bók um eldfjallafræði “Volcans” eftir Bardintzeff, sem út kom 1993. Skjálftamenn höfðu það löngu fyrr um jarðskjálfta á víð og dreif, en hér var það haft um kerfi eldfjalla. ...},
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Brandsdóttir, Bryndís
Auður Ólafsdóttir (1934–2021), minningarorð (in memoriam) Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 73, pp. 119, 2023.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-73-p119,
title = {Auður Ólafsdóttir (1934–2021), minningarorð (in memoriam)},
author = {Bryndís Brandsdóttir},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2023.73.119o},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {73},
pages = {119},
abstract = {Auður Ólafsdóttir, heiðursfélagi JÖRFÍ, lést í nóvember 2021, 87 ára gömul. Auður tók þátt í uppbyggingu Jöklarannsóknafélagsins á sjöunda áratug 20. aldar. Hún fór í sína fyrstu vorferð á Vatnajökul 1959 og var virk í félaginu alla tíð síðan, með þátttöku í ferðum og margvíslegu innra starfi, ásamt eiginmanni sínum, Stefáni Bjarnasyni. Auður sá m.a. um dreifingu Jökuls í sex ár. Þegar Nýi skálinn var reistur í Jökulheimum vorið 1965 sáu Auður og Inga Árna um aðföng og matseld við frumstæðar aðstæður, báðar voru með börnin með sér. Auður lagði einnig sitt af mörkum þegar farið var með fullbúinn skála í Kverkfjöll vorið 1977 og í stóru ferðinni með Nýja skálann á Grímsfjall, vorið 1987. Þar kynntumst við. Auður hafði góða nærveru, róleg og elskuleg við alla. ...},
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Guðmundsson, Magnús Tumi
Hulda Filippusdóttir (1924–2022), minningarorð (in memoriam) Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 73, pp. 120, 2023.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-73-p120,
title = {Hulda Filippusdóttir (1924–2022), minningarorð (in memoriam)},
author = {Magnús Tumi Guðmundsson},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2023.73.120o},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {73},
pages = {120},
abstract = {Hulda Filippusdóttir tilheyrði hópi frumherjanna í Jöklarannsóknafélaginu. Hún var virk í starfi félagsins alla tíð og sótti árshátíðir vel fram á tíræðisaldur. Hún lést í mars 2022, á 98. aldursári. Hulda var mikill frumkvöðull. Hún stundaði svifflug á yngri árum, útilegur og fjallaferðir alla tíð og fór m.a. fjölda ferða á Vatnajökul. Hún var gerð að heiðursfélaga JÖRFÍ á 50 ára afmælinu árið 2000. Hulda var virk fram undir það síðasta, fór m.a. þyrluferð að eldgosinu við Fagradalsfjall árið 2021. Eiginmaður hennar var Árni Kjartansson (1922–2017), einn af stofnendum JÖRFÍ og forgöngumaður um að koma á vorferðum á Vatnajökul. Fyrsta vorferð Huldu var árið 1956, og var hún jafnframt brúðkaupsferð þeirra hjóna. Sú ferð var um margt merkileg. Vorferðir hófust 1953 svo þetta var sú fjórða í röðinni og jafnframt viðameiri en þær fyrri. Unnið var m.a. að landmælingum og sett upp merki á Þórðarhyrnu, Grendli og Hvannadalshnjúk. Í ferðinni voru 13 manns, 8 karlar og 5 konur. Nafnið á Brúðarbungu syðst í Kverkfjöllum, varð til í þessari ferð. Bungan er nefnd eftir Huldu og fer vel á því að eitt af örnefnum Vatnajökuls skuli tengjast þeim brautryðjanda sem hún var. ...},
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Guðmundsson, Magnús Tumi
Ingibjörg Árnadóttir (1924–2023), minningarorð (in memoriam) Journal Article
In: Jökull, vol. 73, pp. 121, 2023.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: }, % url = {
@article{jokull-73-p121,
title = {Ingibjörg Árnadóttir (1924–2023), minningarorð (in memoriam)},
author = {Magnús Tumi Guðmundsson},
doi = {10.33799/jokull2023.73.121o},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Jökull},
volume = {73},
pages = {121},
abstract = {Inga Árna, heiðursfélagi JÖRFÍ, var í hópi þess fólks sem mótaði Jöklarannsóknafélagið á sjötta áratug 20. aldar. Hún kvaddi í byrjun nóvember 2023, þá nýorðin 99 ára gömul. Inga er mörgum minnisstæð og afrekaði margt á sinni löngu ævi. Hún var skíðadrottning, keppti á alþjóðlegum skíðamótum auk þess sem að hún vann fjölda keppna hér á landi. Hún fór sína fyrstu vorferð með Jöklarannsóknafélaginu á Vatnajökul árið 1956. Var það byrjunin á vegferð sem stóð vel á sjöunda tug ára. ...},
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